Two Worst Enemies
I believe that fear and greed are the two worst enemies of investors.
Effect of Fear
Fear can lead to inactivity. It will prevent investors from doing what is necessary to provide returns greater than the rate of inflation net of tax. The result is that their capital gets eroded away with inflation. It will also prevent them from examining what is wrong in their investment process, if any, and what changes are necessary.
Effect of Greed
Greed leads some investors to speculate in questionable investments based on the belief that they have greater intuitive insight than other investors. They are most at risk during bull markets when "the rising tide lifts all boats" and they believe they have a hot hand. Eventually their investments don't perform as planned and they end up disillusioned. These investors are likely to ignore conventional wisdom and proper allocation strategies, and avoid doing their homework. Also, they are susceptible to listen to the sales pitches of smooth salesmen who promise them unreasonable results.
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Process is Key
Many investors are led by emotions. They would be surprised how well a disciplined, conservative investment process, geared to first of all preserve what they have gained, will do.
Dominate Destructive Emotions
What a principled, well-disciplined process does is to primarily tame the emotions that have hurt investors in the past. At the same time, it should be tailored to your personality and investment style so that you are comfortable with following through with it.
Must Do the Homework
Doing diligent research and study before investing is a necessary preventative risk measure. Warren Buffett believes that one of the reasons he has been successful is that he invests only in what he understands.
Invest in Quality at a Reasonable Price
Quality investments, particularly dividend-paying ones, are generally less volatile and usually appreciate over the long term. This is particularly true when these investments can be acquired at a reasonable price.
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